By this time, advances in naval gunnery had reduced Hood's usefulness. In January 1941 Janus assisted with convoy operations between Malta and Piraeus. 24-03-2018. Transferred to the Home Fleet shortly afterwards, Hood was dispatched to Scapa Flow, and operated in the area as a convoy escort and later as a defence against a potential German invasion fleet. Monthly listings of officers who served in Hood, Admirals & Captains They served as tragic reminders as to why the war was being fought and why it had to be won. According to Goodall's theory, the ship's torpedoes could have been detonated either by the fire raging on the boat deck or, more probably, by a direct hit from. The main waterline belt was 12 inches (305mm) thick between 'A' and 'Y' barbettes and thinned to 5 to 6 inches (127 to 152mm) towards the ship's ends, but did not reach either the bow or the stern. Draft: 32 ft. HMS Legion sailed aside her to begin evacuating her 1,487 crew as her list got worse progressively, reaching 27 degrees about 13 hours after the hit. Moreover, Sir Stanley V. Goodall, Director of Naval Construction came forward with an alternative theory, that the Hood had been destroyed by the explosion of her own torpedoes. Hood Crew Information- H.M.S. In March Janus was involved in the battle of Cape Matapan, whilst a unit of the 14th DD Flotilla, under Captain Mack aboard . Whatever caused the explosion, it proved fatal for the ship and most of her crew. [23], The armour scheme of the Admirals was originally based on that of the battlecruiser Tiger with an 8-inch (203mm) waterline belt. what was the premier league called before; Tags . It was more thorough than the first board but concurred with the first board's conclusion. 444 Flight of the Royal Air Force (RAF). But, even in the case of those for whom records are available, relatives often hold far more information about individuals than can be gleaned from the necessarily impersonal nature of their official records. The fact that the bow section separated just forward of 'A' turret is suggestive that a secondary explosion might have occurred in this area. We therefore welcome and encourage anyone with information on the men who served in Hood to contact us to submit new or supplementary information or photos. May 2016 is the 75th anniversary of Hood's sinking. [37], The scale of Hood's protection, though adequate for the Jutland era, was at best marginal against the new generation of 16-inch (406mm) gunned capital ships that emerged soon after her completion in 1920, typified by the American Colorado-class and the Japanese Nagato-class battleships. It was the opinion of Mearns and White who investigated the wreck that this was unlikely as the damage was far too limited in scale, nor could it account for the outwardly splayed plates also observed in that area. [21], For protection against torpedoes, she was given a 7.5-foot (2.3m)[27] deep torpedo bulge that ran the length of the ship between the fore and aft barbettes. HMS Ledbury saved some of her crew out of the blazing sea. When the threat of an invasion diminished, the ship resumed her previous roles in convoy escort and patrolling against German commerce raiders. She was used for harbour service from 1872 and was sold in 1888. Hood was nothing without the many men it took to design, built and operate her. Hood was well known as a top sporting ship. We are particularly grateful to Barry Roberts who has dedicated many hours undertaking this task and has identified several thousand "Hood men" thereby. Captain Arthur Pridham assumed command on 1 February 1936 and Hood returned to Portsmouth for a brief refit between 26 June and 10 October 1936. Hood, Renown and Repulse were deployed to the Bay of Biscay on 5 November to prevent the "pocket battleship" Admiral Scheer from using French ports after she had attacked Convoy HX 84, but the German ship continued into the South Atlantic. H.M.S. A look at the often overlooked members of Hood's crew, Miscellaneous Crew Photos When war broke out later that year, she was employed principally to patrol in the vicinity of Iceland and the Faroe Islands to protect convoys and intercept German merchant raiders and blockade runners attempting to break out into the Atlantic. Over 1,400 of these died while building or serving in her. With the backing of the HMS Hood Association, Mearns planned to return the bell to Portsmouth where it would form part of the first official and permanent memorial to the sacrifice of her last crew at the newly refitted National Museum of the Royal Navy. Some 5,000 long tons (5,100t) of armour were added to the design in late 1916, based on British experiences at the Battle of Jutland, at the cost of deeper draught and slightly decreased speed. They were supplemented by two additional control positions in the fore-top, which were provided with 9-foot (2.7m) rangefinders, fitted in 19241925. The heavily armoured conning tower is located by itself a distance from the main wreck. ENGINEER Served from 1941 - 1943 Served in HMS Rodney. The objective of the cruise was to remind the dominions of their dependence on British sea power and encourage them to support it with money, ships, and facilities. The men lost in the sinking are not the only ones who died whilst serving in Hood: It is known that nearly 40 men, possibly more, died whilst building or assigned to Hood between 1916 and her loss in May 1941. A meeting place for Association members and Hood enthusiasts. [27], Live-firing trials with the new 15-inch APC (armour-piercing, capped) shell against a mock-up of Hood showed that this shell could penetrate the ship's vitals via the 7-inch middle belt and the 2-inch slope of the main deck as a result 3-inch plating on the main deck over the slopes was added alongside the magazine spaces at a very late stage of construction and the four aftermost 5.5-inch guns and their ammunition hoists were removed in partial compensation.. A proposal was made to increase the armour over the forward magazines to 5inches and 6inches over the rear magazines in July 1919 in response to these trials. [89] Mearns had spent the previous six years privately researching the fate of Hood with the goal of finding the battlecruiser, and had acquired the support of the Royal Navy, the HMS Hood Association and other veterans groups, and the last living survivor, Ted Briggs. More recently, the records for men who joined the Royal Navy before 1929 have been released into the public domain and are available on Ancestry (subscription required) or The National Archives (free if registered). [3], The Admirals were significantly larger than their predecessors of the Renown class. May 24th marks the loss of the battlecruiser HMS Hood and 1415 of her crew. Albert Edward Pryke "Ted" Briggs was the last survivor of the battle cruiser HMS Hood, sunk by the German warship Bismarck in the North Atlantic during the Second World War. Hood was hit by a 250kg (550lb) bomb from a Junkers Ju 88 bomber that damaged her port torpedo bulge and her condensers. The turrets were designated 'A', 'B', 'X', and 'Y' from bow to stern,[10] and 120 shells were carried for each gun. Hood Association Facebook Page In the afternoon two more Swordfish conducted an A/S patrol around the carrier force. [53] Captain Pridham was relieved by Captain Harold Walker on 20 May 1938 and he, in turn, was relieved when the ship returned to Portsmouth in January 1939 for an overhaul that lasted until 12 August. He then joined HMS Letchworth and was promoted to Wireman (LC) on 26/10/43. Victor Noel White HMS Copra . The HMS Hood is exceptional in more ways than one: She was the last battlecruiser, launched way after the Japanese Kongo class ships. [4] The ship's secondary armament consisted of twelve BL 5.5-inch (140mm) Mk I guns, each with 200 rounds. The middle armour belt had a maximum thickness of 7 inches over the same length as the thickest part of the waterline armour and thinned to five inches abreast 'A' barbette. Later that year, her crew participated in the Invergordon Mutiny over pay cuts for the sailors. Hood's crew gained their first clue that something was developing at 1939, 23 May when full speed was ordered. The bulge was backed by a 1.5-inch-thick torpedo bulkhead. HMS Hood (pennant number 51) was a battlecruiser of the Royal Navy (RN). H.M.S. As a result, the greater part of the infomation that we have brought together in this database has come from the service records of individual men. Hood sank stern first with 1418 men aboard. A look at the animal sailors who made up a special part of Hood's crew, Sport & Athletics What is presented below is therefore necessarily incomplete in respect of Royal Navy ratings and Royal Marines. -H.M.S. [92] This damage, ahead of the armoured bulkhead, could have been implosion damage suffered while Hood sank, as a torpedo room that had been removed during one of her last refits approximates the site of the break. Though mighty, the battle cruiser H.M.S. It has been suggested that the fatal fire spread from the aft end of the ship through the starboard fuel tanks, since the starboard side of Hood "appears to be missing most, if not all of its torpedo bulge plating". These memorials are dedicated to those who died whilst building and serving aboard Hood. [88] This was the first time anyone had attempted to locate Hood's resting place. Areas that Mearns felt were more likely to hold the wreck were prioritised, and the side-scan sonar located the battlecruiser in the 39th hour of the search.[89]. Patrick Drennan. AB Served from 1946 - 1955 Served in HMS Duke Of York. CCY (TCI) Served from 1942 - 1971 Served in HMS Duke Of York. 1,415 members of its crew perished. They were and are the very heart and soul of the ship. [8], The Admirals were powered by four Brown-Curtis geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft using steam provided by 24 Yarrow boilers. [68], Prince of Wales was forced to disengage by a combination of damage from German hits and mechanical failures in her guns and turrets after Hood was sunk. On May 24, 1941, HMS Hood engaged the German Kriegsmarine heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen and the battleship Bismarck. HMS Prince of Wales caught a disastrous direct hit to her bridge that forced . The loss of HMS Hood, with 1,400 crew was the Royal Navy's darkest hour. H.M.S. The results of Hood's fire are not known exactly, but she damaged the French battleshipDunkerque, which was hit by four fifteen-inch shells and was forced to beach herself. These deaths constituted the Royal Navy's greatest single ship loss of the Second World War. Sir Horace Hood had been killed while commanding the 3rd Battlecruiser Squadron and flying his flag on Invincibleone of the three battlecruisers which blew up at the Battle of Jutland. At the second board, eyewitnesses reported unusual types of discharge from the 15-inch guns of, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 14:06. After conservation work, Princess Anne, the Princess Royal, unveiled the bell at the museum on 24 May 2016 the 75th anniversary of the Battle of the Denmark Strait. Hood Crew List For almost 2 decades, she was the largest and most powerful warship afloat. She had cost 6,025,000 to build. They both had on board 5 million in gold bullion. Hood Rolls of Honour Memorials to Hood's final crew, 24th May 1941 Updated 07-Mar-2010 This page contains a listing the 1415 men who were lost when Hood was sunk on 24th May, 1941. Crew Lost During the Sinking of Hood, 24th May 1941 This high position allowed them to be worked during heavy weather, as they were less affected by waves and spray compared with the casemate mounts of earlier British capital ships. Force H took part in the destruction of the French fleet at Mers-el-Kbir in July 1940. The original attempt, sponsored by Paul Allen and using his yacht Octopus, was abandoned after ten days in September 2012 due to unfavourable weather conditions. Hood Roll of Honour Database. [38] Following the loss of three British battlecruisers at the Battle of Jutland, 5,000tons of extra armour and bracing were added to Hood's design. HMS Hood bore the motto "with favorable winds" and was named after Admiral Sir Samuel Hood, a victorious commander in the Seven Years' War, the American Revolutionary War . The fleet was spotted by the Germans and attacked by aircraft from the KG 26 and KG 30 bomber wings. [18] The 5.5-inch control positions and their rangefinders on the spotting top were removed during the 1932 refit. Illustrious, H.M.S. It is estimated that as many as 18,000 men, perhaps more, served aboard the "Mighty Hood" during the operational portion of her 21 year career. When the Spanish Civil War broke out the following year, Hood was officially assigned to the Mediterranean Fleet until she had to return to Britain in 1939 for an overhaul. All the 5.5-inch guns were removed during another refit in 1940. HMS Hood (pennant number 51) was the last battlecruiser built for the Royal Navy. To these were added five unrotated projectile (UP) launchers in 1940, each launcher carrying 20 seven-inch (178mm) rockets. The Prince of Wales was joined by HMS Hood in a battle of mythical and historical proportions. She formally transferred to the Mediterranean fleet on 20 October, shortly after the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. The official Admiralty communiqu on the loss, broadcast on the day of the sinking, reported that: "during the action, HMS Hood received an unlucky hit in a magazine and blew up. When the Battle of Jutland broke out in mid-1916, that battle revealed serious flaws in its design, before it ended four years later. The ship had a metacentric height of 4.2 feet (1.3m) at deep load, which minimised her roll and made her a steady gun platform. [65] A shell from this salvo appears to have hit the spotting top, as the boat deck was showered with body parts and debris. [34] However, the US continued with their established design direction, the slower, but well-protected, South Dakota-class battleship and the fast and lightly armoured Lexington-class battlecruiser, both of which were later cancelled in accordance with the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922. Barham Navy List: Hood, Robert: 05/10/1893: Gunner RMA: 09/08/1915: 20/02/1918: 13714: ADM 159/87/13714: Hope, Robert: [25], The armoured belt consisted of face-hardened Krupp cemented armour (KC), arranged in three strakes. -H.M.S. [22] The early-warning radar was of a modified type, known as Type 279M, the difference between this and Type 279 being the number of aerials. [45], Captain John Im Thurn was in command when Hood, accompanied by the battlecruiser Repulse and Danae-class cruisers of the 1st Light Cruiser Squadron, set out on a world cruise from west to east via the Panama Canal in November 1923. The hit split the ship in two and it sank in three minutes! Hood Crew Information- H.M.S. The starboard side of the amidships section is missing down to the inner wall of the fuel tanks and the plates of the hull are curling outward; this has been interpreted as indicating the path of the explosion through the starboard fuel tanks. The memorials were assembled by blending official records with public casualty listings. View of the British Royal Navy battle cruiser HMS Hood, possibly late 1930s. Organisation of the search was complicated by the presence on board of a documentary team and their film equipment, along with a television journalist who made live news reports via satellite during the search. 2616 The Protection of Military Remains Act of 1986 (Designation of Vessels and Controlled Sites) Order 2006", "HMS Hood's bell unveiled at Navy museum Portsmouth", "Conserved HMS Hood bell rings out on 75th anniversary of largest ever Royal Navy loss", "Photos of the Wreck of H.M.S. The battlecruiser squadron made a Caribbean cruise in early 1932, and Hood was given another brief refit between 31 March and 10 May at Portsmouth. A second inquiry was held after complaints that the first board had failed to consider alternative explanations, such as an explosion of the ship's torpedoes. The stern of the Hood was located, with the rudder still in place, and it was found that this was set to port at the time of the explosion. H.M.S. Originally laid down as an improved version of the Revenge -class battleship, her construction was suspended on the outbreak of war because she would not be ready in time. This was 66 feet (20.1m) longer and 14 feet (4.3m) wider than the older ships. Click here to access the list of dates men joined the ship. Lutjens, commander in chief of the German Fleet, the Bismarck sunk the Hood, resulting in the death of 1,500 of its crew; only three Brits survived. Hood was nothing without the many men it took to design, built and operate her. During the 1932 West Indies cruise, the catapult proved to be difficult to operate in anything but a calm sea, as it was frequently awash in bad weather. Hood in 2001", "Relics of HMS Hood Ledger Container Lid", "HMS Hood v HMS Renown propeller fragment", Battle of the Denmark Strait Documentation Resource, Imperial War Museum Interview with survivor Robert Tilburn, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_Hood&oldid=1142099804, A direct hit from a shell penetrated to a magazine aft. Unsuccessful, she was ordered to patrol the Bay of Biscay against any breakout attempt by the German ships from Brest, France. The development of effective time-delay shells at the end of the First World War made this scheme much less effective, as the intact shell would penetrate layers of weak armour and explode deep inside the ship. [96], In 2012, the British government gave permission for Mearns to return to the site of Hood's final resting place to retrieve one of her two ship's bells which were lying in a small open debris field some way from the wreck herself. The upper belt was 5 inches thick amidships and extended forward to 'A' barbette, with a short 4-inch extension aft. Their sacrifices were not in vain: Though they were lost, the action in the Denmark Strait did end Bismarck's sortie. Afterwards, she patrolled the North Atlantic before putting into Scapa Flow on 6 May. William Ramshaw HMS Janus (d.23rd Jan 1944) William Ramshaw served on board HMS Janus and died, age 19, on the 23rd January 1944 when his ship was bombed and sunk at Anzio. Kenneth Ellison. HMS Hood (hull number 51) was a battleship of the Royal Navy (RN). Roster entries: 90,827 (for 89,120 people) Service Persons; Merchant Navy: 43,355: RN: 13,428 . The Admiral-class battlecruisers were designed in response to the German Mackensen-class battlecruisers, which were reported to be more heavily armed and armoured than the latest British battlecruisers of the Renown and the Courageous classes. Sea. [87], In 2001, British broadcaster Channel 4 commissioned shipwreck hunter David Mearns and his company, Blue Water Recoveries, to locate the wreck of Hood, and if possible, produce underwater footage of both the battlecruiser and her attacker, Bismarck. Bismarck was temporarily able to evade detection, but was later spotted and sunk on 27 May.[69]. Ratings & officers known to have served in Hood, Crew Complements In the heat of the Bismarck battle, HMS Hood was placed out of commission by the KMS Prinz Eugen, leaving the Prince of Wales to defend herself against the two German ships. [27] The torpedo-warhead armour was reinstated during the ship's 19291931 refit. Two HACS Mark III directors were added to the aft end of the signal platform the following year, and the Mark I director aft was replaced by a Mark III. HMS Hood broke in two and sank in a mere matter of minutes. HMS Hood was 44,600 tons, had a crew of 1,419 and was faster than the Bismarck with a maximum speed of 32 knots. At full speed, or in heavy seas, water would flow over the ship's quarterdeck and often entered the messdecks and living quarters through ventilation shafts. Moreover, computer-generated profiles of Hood show that a shell falling at this angle could not have reached an aft magazine without first passing through some part of the belt armour. The remaining 90% for 1861, 1862, and years ending in '5', are held by the National Maritime Museum. This explosion broke the back of Hood, and the last sight of the ship, which sank in only three minutes, was her bow, nearly vertical in the water. The other theories listed above remain valid possibilities. Furthermore, a section of the bow immediately forward of 'A' turret is missing, which has led historian and former Dartmouth lecturer Eric J. Grove and expedition leader David Mearns to believe that "either just before or just after leaving the surface, the bow suffered massive internal damage from an internal explosion",[85] possibly a partial detonation of the forward 15-inch magazines. . Captain Thomas Binney assumed command on 15 August 1932 and the ship resumed her previous practice of a winter cruise in the Mediterranean the next year. Although these give the date on which any man joined the ship, they do not give the date on which he left. HMS Hood had a crew of 1,419 and was faster than the Bismarck with a maximum speed of 32 RN Northern Ireland - In Remembrance. . [30] During her 19291931 refit, the platform was removed from 'X' turret and a rotating, folding catapult was installed on her quarterdeck, along with a crane to recover a seaplane. For other ships of the same name, see, According to the testimony of Captain Leach, "between one and two seconds after I formed that impression [of a hit on, Last edited on 28 February 2023, at 14:06, destruction of the French fleet at Mers-el-Kebir, destruction of the French fleet at Mers-el-Kbir, National Museum of the Royal Navy, Portsmouth, "ADM 220/76: Reports of Performance in H.M.S. [94], The forward section lies on its port side, with the amidships section keel up. She was attached to the Mediterranean fleet shortly afterwards and stationed at Gibraltar at the outbreak of the Second Italo-Abyssinian War in October. [72] This investigation was "much more thorough than was the first, taking evidence from a total of 176 eyewitnesses to the disaster",[73] and examined both Goodall's theory and others (see below). Rapid expansion of the resulting combustion gases from the conflagration then caused structural failure, passing out through the sides of the ship as well as forward and upwards via the engine room vents, expelling the aft main battery turrets and causing the stern to be detached from the rest of the hull at the aft armoured bulkhead. Hood Crew Information- H.M.S. It is estimated that as many as 15,000 men may have served in her from 19201941. To make room in the shipyard for merchant construction, Hood sailed for Rosyth to complete her fitting-out on 9 January 1920. CREWMAN Served from 1942 - 1941 Served in HMS Rodney. Hood Crew Information Hood Rolls of Honour Updated 01-Jan-2020 These memorials are dedicated to those who died whilst building and serving aboard Hood. [90] In 2015, the same team attempted a second recovery operation and Hood's bell was finally retrieved on 7 August 2015. On May 24, 1941, the fifth salvo of the German battleship Bismarck sank the British battlecruiser HMS Hood. List of crew killed in action aboard HMS Prince of Wales on December 10, 1941. [19], During Hood's last refit in 1941, a Type 279 early-warning radar for aircraft and surface vessels and a Type 284 gunnery radar were installed,[20] although the Type 279 radar lacked its receiving aerial and was inoperable according to Roberts. This was to be used for a major event documentary to be aired on the 60th anniversary of the ships' battle. On paper, Hood retained the same armament and level of protection, while being significantly faster. Dunkerque's sister ship, Strasbourg, managed to escape from the harbour. While Type 279 used two aerials, a transmitter and a receiver, the Type 279M used only a single transceiver aerial. HMS Janus (F53), named after the Roman god, was a Javelin or J-class destroyer of the Royal Navy, she was ordered from the Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson Limited at Wallsend-on-Tyne as part of the 1936 Build Programme and laid down on 29 September 1937, launched on 10 November 1938 and commissioned on 5 August 1939. The explosion was initiated by 4-inch ammunition stored outside the magazines. The Hood had been launched in 1918 and was armed . HMS Hood was the pride of the Royal Navy. Updated 01-Jan-2020. . David Hunt. Only Hood was completed, because the ships were very expensive and required labour and material that could be put to better use building merchant ships needed to replace those lost to the German U-boat campaign.
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hms hood: crew list